The most common relay races are the 4X 100 metres and the 4X400 metres. They have to pass a stick, called a baton to their next team-mate before they reach the finish line. Four athletes form a team and take turns running around the track. Relays are races in which teams of runners compete against each other. Today the marathon distance is 42.195 metres and it is run mostly on roads. when a Greek soldier ran all the way from Marathon to Athens (about 40 km) to tell the people about a great military victory. They must learn to keep a steady pace and also must be able to have enough energy for the final metres.
Athletes have to train a lot and run many km a day in order to complete such a race. The 5,000 and 10,000 metre races are the longest races on the track. Middle distance races are the 800, 1 500 and sometimes the 3,000 metre races. The world record holder is considered to be the fastest man on earth, The 100 metre dash is one of the most popular events at such a track and field meeting. Short distance races cover distances of 100, 200 and 400 metres. When a gun is fired the race begins and the sprinters run as fast as they can towards the finish line, but they must always stay in their lanes. They start with their feet against a starting block and their hands on the track. Short distance racers are called sprinters. It is divided into lanes and has a surface of asphalt, rubber or tartan. Track events are races between athletes that take place on an oval track that is normally 400 metres long.
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